One of the most common endocrine disorders in females is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). This hormonal condition, which typically disrupts the menstrual cycle and which can cause infertility, affects an estimated one to two out of every twenty women in the childbearing age range. Various types of ovarian treatment may be indicated to treat the symptoms typically associated with PCOS.
Before we discuss types of ovarian treatment for this condition, let’s look a little closer at PCOS. For starters, it is also known as polycystic ovarian disease, Stein-Leventhal Syndrome and sclerocystic ovarian disease.
One other name sometimes used for this disorder is chronic anovulatory syndrome. Regardless of what name you call it, one of the hallmarks of PCOS is the development of numerous abnormal cysts on the ovaries, often resembling a string of peals.
PCOS is one of the most frequent causes of infertility in women, which is why some type of ovarian treatment is often necessary. It often prevents or disrupts ovulation, resulting in either sporadic menstrual periods or the absence of any periods whatsoever. When a woman with this disorder does have a period, the flow may be unusually heavy or very light.
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Other symptoms caused by PCOS may include weight gain or obesity, acne, excessive hair on the face or body (hirsutism), high blood sugar or problems with insulin resistance, brownish patches on the skin (Acanthosis Nigricans), fatigue, low libido, male pattern baldness, depression, elevated cholesterol levels, anxiety, sleep apnea, and thyroid problems.
Ovarian treatment for menstrual abnormalities due to PCOS
When a woman has PCOS it inhibits the ripening of the follicles in the ovaries. This hinders progesterone production which in turn prevents the uterus lining from getting thick, leading to menstrual irregularities.
If you don’t want to get pregnant, you can control your menstrual cycle and also decrease the production of male hormones caused by PCOS by taking a contraceptive pill for your ovarian treatment.
If you stop taking the pill, your periods will typically go back to being abnormal. Another option is to take a pill which contains progesterone only. This will also help control your periods as well as decrease your risk for endometrial cancer. However, the progesterone will not benefit problems caused by excess androgen, such as excess body and facial hair or acne.
Ovarian treatment for infertility due to PCOS
Because it often significantly interferes with ovulation, PCOS is one of the top causes of female infertility. If you are trying to become pregnant, you may want to take a fertility drug. One such drug is clomiphene. While this drug will help most women with PCOS ovulate, only about one third to one half will get pregnant when taking it.
After a few unsuccessful treatments with clomiphene, another option may be to take metformin in addition to the clomiphene. Injections of gonadotropins or in vitro fertilization are two additional options when it comes to the ovarian treatment of infertility due to PCOS.
Not only do they cost a lot more, multiple births are also more likely to occur with gonadatropins than with clomiphene. IVF is the best fertility option for preventing multiple births and increasing the likeliness of conception, but it is also very expensive.
As you can see, the type of ovarian treatment required due to PCOS, if any, will depend on a variety of factors. These include factors such as your age and whether or not you are trying to get pregnant. If you suffer from PCOS, talk to your doctor regarding your symptoms and goals to determine the best course of action.
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